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Quebec French has more phonemes than Parisian French as it retains phonemic distinctions between and , and , and , and whereas the latter of each pair has disappeared in Parisian French, though the and distinction is upheld in Meridional French. ==Vowels== Quebec French replaces tense vowels () with their lax () equivalents when the vowels are both short (e.g. except before , , and , but the vowel is pronounced before ) and only in closed syllables. This means that the masculine and feminine adjectives ''petit'' and ''petite'' ( and in France) are and in Quebec. The same goes with → and → . In some areas, notably Beauce, Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean and (to a lesser extent) Quebec City and the surrounding region, even long tense vowels may be laxed. This laxing of the high vowels , and , in the specified context is compulsory in stressed syllables, ''e.g. lutte'' , but it is optional in unstressed syllables, ''e.g., vulgaire'' can be or . The lax allophone of a high vowel may also appear in open syllables by assimilation to a lax vowel in a following syllable, ''e.g., musique'' can be either or . The lax vowel may even be retained in derived words where the original stressed lax vowel has disappeared, ''e.g. musical'' can be or . Also, the lax allophone may arise optionally in open syllables through dissimilation as in ''toupie'' or , especially in reduplicative forms such as ''pipi'' or . These phenomena are conditioned lexically and regionally. For example, for the word ''difficile'', the standard pronunciation is found throughout Quebec, but the alternative pronunciations , and are also used. One distinct pronunciation in Quebec French is the vowel ''a'', and are pronounced differently. The general realization in final open syllables is or (''Canada'' or ), but is nowadays strongly marked as informal. There are some exceptions, the words ''la'', ''ma'', ''ta'', ''sa'', ''fa'', ''papa'' and ''caca'' are always pronounced with the sound , as in French of France. In internal open syllables, some Quebecers pronounce the vowel as or (''gâteau'' or ), this is considered to be informal. Some Quebecers diphthongize the vowel as in final closed syllables (''pâte'' ). The vowel is pronounced in Quebec French. Metropolitan French's (represented by Another informal archaic trait from 17th century Parisian popular French is the tendency to open into in a final open syllable. On the other hand, in grammatical word endings, as well as in the indicative forms of verb ''être'' (''es'' and ''est''), the is tensed into . This is also common in France, but the failure to tense the in Quebec is usually perceived as quite formal, Quebecers pronounce when they are reading. As well, the phoneme can be also pronounced , as it is generally pronounced further front and more closed than the Parisian . Quebec French approaches even more when it is located in a closed syllable or an unstressed open syllable. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quebec French phonology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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